State the two methods for deriving hypotheses from theories described in the text, and retrieve the specific hypothesis derived from habituation theory for each method.
Question: State the two methods for deriving hypotheses from theories described in the text, and retrieve the specific hypothesis derived from habituation theory for each method.
Sample answer: The first method is asking if a theory implies an answer to a new question. Using this method, habituation theory implies that writing about positive events will not improve health because it does not involve habituating to negative feelings. The second method is focusing on an unobserved component of the theory. Using this method, a researcher could hypothesize that individuals will show fewer measurable signs of emotional distress with each consecutive writing session by focusing directly on the unobserved process of 'habituation'.
Key points:
- State the first method: asking if a theory implies an answer to a new question.
- Retrieve the first hypothesis: writing about positive events will not improve health because it does not involve habituating to negative feelings.
- State the second method: focusing on an unobserved component.
- Retrieve the second hypothesis: individuals will show fewer measurable signs of emotional distress with each consecutive writing session by focusing directly on the unobserved process of 'habituation'.
Rubric: To receive full credit, the response must: 1. Correctly recall the first method (asking if a theory implies an answer to a new question) and its corresponding hypothesis (writing about positive events will not improve health due to the lack of habituating to negative feelings). 2. Correctly recall the second method (focusing on an unobserved component) and its corresponding hypothesis (individuals will show fewer measurable signs of emotional distress with each consecutive writing session by focusing on habituation).
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Research Methods in Psychology - 4th American Edition @ KPU
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