Steps:
- Checking if a drug target can be reproduced from repeating an experiment
- Introducing a variation to the target environment

Techniques in Testing Reproducibility:
- Affinity chromatography
- Expression-cloning
- Protein microarray
- Reverse transfected cell microarray
- Biochemical suppression
- siRNA
- DNA microarray
- System biology
- Studying existing drugs

Techniques in Target Variation:
- Genetic manipulation of target genes (in vitro) by knocking the gene down (shRNA, siRNA, miRNA), the gene out (CRISPR), or the gene in (viral transfection of mutant genes) 
- Antibodies to block other interactions with the target with high affinity
- Chemical genomics (approaches combatting genome encoding protein)

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The process of certifying a target of a small molecule. In other words, it is looking into the functional role of a target and seeing if a drug works in a clinical setting. 

2: Target Validation

Deore, A., Dhumane, J., Wagh, R., & Sonawane, R. (2019). The Stages of Drug Discovery and Development Process. Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 7(6), 62-67. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22270/ajprd.v7i6.616

The Stages of Drug Discovery and Development Process

Steps and Techniques in Target Validation

A gene, nucleic acid, or protein that may potentially combat a specific disease.

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