Initiation of translation involves forming the initiation complex to begin translation and the first amino acid is brought in via tRNA. 

Initiation of Translation

During elongation of translation, tRNAs bring amino acids into the ribosome to add to the protein being synthesized.

Elongation of Translation

When a stop codon is reached, translation terminates. The new protein is released and the ribosome dissociates. 

Termination of Translation

The steps of translation are shared between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. The steps of translation are:

1. Initiation
2. Elongation
3. Termination

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Translation is the decoding of mRNA transcripts into proteins. Protein synthesis uses more energy in a cell than any other metabolic process. This overall process is conserved with prokaryotes and eukaryotes with important differences in the proteins and mRNA involved. 

Translation (Protein Synthesis)

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Steps of Translation (Protein Synthesis)

While eukaryotes and prokaryotes have some differences between their processes of translation, they share many of the same enzymes and terms needed for translation. These are:

- Ribosomes
- tRNA
- rRNA

Key Components in Translation

Translation shares many of the same enzymes and components across the domains of life, but there are many important differences. Here we designate translation based on their domains of life. 
- Prokaryotic translation
- Eukaryotic translation

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