Household member was:
- Problematic drinker or alcoholic
- Illegal drug user

Washington State University at Tri-Cities

Google

- Mother treated violently
- Substance abuse
- Parental divorce/separation
- Incarcerated household member

ACE Definitions - Household Challenges

CDC-Kaiser ACE study Overview
https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/aces/index.html

CDC-Kaiser ACE Study

Spielman, R. M., Jenkins, W. J., & Lovett, M. D. (2020, April 22). Psychology (2nd ed.). OpenStax. https://openstax.org/books/psychology-2e/pages/1-introduction

OpenStax Psychology (2nd ed.) Textbook

Mother or stepmother was:
- Pushed, grabbed, slapped, kicked, bitten
- Had something thrown at them
- Hit with fist or something hard
- Repeatedly hit over several minutes
- Threatened/hurt by a knife or gun

Mother treated violently

Substance abuse

Parental divorce/separation

Household member is currently or was formerly in prison

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