Table. Baseline characteristics in the entire cohort and by requirement of ICU admission

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

582 individuals had PCR-confirmed infection.
Demographics:
Median age: 5 yrs old
Sex ratio: 1.15 males per females
145 (25%) pre-existing medical conditions

363 individuals (62%) were admitted to the hospital, with 48 (8%) requiring ICU admission. 507 (87%) didn’t require respiratory support while 75 (13%) required support, with 25 (4%) requiring mechanical ventilation. The authors also observed that the majority of intubated children required prolonged ventilation of 1 week or more. 

The authors identified risk factors for ICU admission: being younger than1 month old (OR 5.06, 95% CI 1.72,14.87), male (OR 2.12, 95% CI 1.06-4.21), pre-existing medical conditions (OR 3.27, 95% CI 1.67-6.42) and lower respiratory tract infection upon arrival at the facility (OR 10.46, 95% CI 5.16-21.23). Hydroxychloroquine was used on 40 patients, remdesivir on 17, lopinavir-ritonavir on 6, and oseltamivir on 3. Four individuals died at study end, with 25 individuals still recovering from illness (CFR 0.69, 95% CI 0.2-1.82).

Household interactions played a large role in transmission of COVID-19: 324 individuals (56%) were infected by a parent and 24 (4%) by a sibling. The remaining 234 children (40%) were unknown/ someone outside of the family.

COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Europe: a multinational, multicentre cohort study: Results

Götzinger, F., Santiago-Garcia, B., et al. COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Europe: a multinational, multicentre cohort study. The Lancet Child and Adolescent Health. 
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30177-2

COVID-19 in children and adolescents in Europe: a multinational, multicentre cohort study

Figure 1. Location of participating units and number of paediatric cases reported by country

82 participating units are shown; cities with more than one participating unit are represented by a single dot only (London [four units], Antwerp [n=3], Madrid [n=3], Vienna [n=3], Barcelona [n=2], Berlin [n=2], Girona [n=2], Manchester [n=2], Rome [n=2], Tallinn [n=2], and Zagreb [n=2]).

Figure 1

Table 1

Figure 2. Violin plots showing the age distribution of patients by requirement of ICU support

Each circle represents a patient. The solid lines represent the medians and dashed lines represent IQRs. ICU=intensive care unit.

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