In this tale from Jami's Haft Awrang, a learned theologian who has spent his life in the valley of demonstration (برهان) and the desert of dialectic (جدل) confronts an emaciated, ascetic Sufi and demands to know how the Sufi came to know God. The theologian embodies discursive reasoning (استدلال) — knowledge won through debate and proof — yet his heart holds no light of the mystical Path (طریقت) and his head no passion from Truth (حقیقت). The Sufi answers that his knowledge of the Divine flows from the grace (فیض) that pours upon him each moment from the unseen (غیب), that is, from immediate spiritual taste (ذوق) and intuition (وجدان). The allegory contrasts two ways of knowing: the theologian's mediated, argumentative knowing against the Sufi's unmediated, experiential certainty, affirming that true gnosis of God is attained through purified inward experience rather than through logical reasoning alone.