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The Allusion to Bizhan and the Metaphor of the Chin-Well in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 35, Poem 59)
This poem employs a classical Persian literary trope by referencing Bizhan, a heroic figure from Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. In epic lore, Bizhan is imprisoned in a deep pit (the well of Afrasiab) and is eventually rescued by Rustam, who lowers a rope to pull him out.
Attar recontextualizes this heroic narrative into the realm of lyric love poetry:
- The Chin-Well (Chah-e Zanakhdan / چاه زنخدان): The dimple on the beloved's chin is cast as the hazardous pit where the lover (Bizhan) is captive.
- The Hair-Rope (Meshkin-Rasan / مشکین رسن): The beloved's dark, musky tresses (zolf) represent the rope.
- The Romantic Reversal: In a brilliant poetic hyperbole, the very hair that leads others astray becomes the rescuing rope, allowing the lover to emerge from the captivity of the beloved's beauty.
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Updated 2026-07-06
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course