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The Bird of the Soul and Escape from Worldly Illusion in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 23, Poem 28)
In Poem 28 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the soul is metaphorically depicted as a bird intoxicated by the 'wine of meaning' (mey-e ma'ni). The poem highlights two key spiritual lessons:
- Attachment to Divine Generosity: The bird flies away from worldly attachments to bind its heart to the grace and generosity of the Divine Master (karam-e mawla).
- Liberation from Worldly Illusion: Even if the seeker does not immediately attain the ultimate spiritual fortune of the Hereafter (dowlat-e 'oqba), the primary victory lies in escaping the deceptive, highway-robbing illusion of the material world (khiyal-e rahzan-e donya).
Thus, Attar emphasizes that the first essential step in spiritual elevation is the detachment and liberation from worldly delusions, which is itself a major triumph.
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Updated 2026-07-04
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course