Concept

The Boundless World-Desert and Supreme Bewilderment in the Wandering Circle in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 9, Poem 45)

Overview

In Chapter 9, Poem 45 of Mokhtar Nameh, Attar uses the metaphors of a boundless desert and a wandering circle to depict the height of existential and spiritual bewilderment.

Key Concepts

  • The Boundless Desert of the World: The world is described as a desert lacking any visible door, beginning, or end, representing a state of absolute disorientation.
  • The Wandering Circle: The cyclical nature of the world is portrayed as a wandering circle (dayereh-ye sar-gardan), symbolizing perpetual aimlessness.
  • Supreme Bewilderment: The speaker declares themselves the most bewildered (sar-gashteh) of all creation, emphasizing the ultimate state of mystical perplexity (hayrat).

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course