The process of copying a gene's DNA sequence to make a single-stranded messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule in the nucleus. The process of transcription is mainly performed by RNA polymerases, an enzyme that matches the correct RNA nucleotide with the template strand. After transcription, mRNA molecules are sliced (resulting in variability in mRNA generated from the same DNA sequence) and stabilized with a 5' guanine cap and poly-A tail. 

Transcription

During Translation, a ribosome "reads" the mRNA, which encodes for a peptide, which will then fold into a protein or a subunit of a whole protein. Every three nucleotides on a mRNA form a codon and each codon has a corresponding amino acid. Transfer RNA brings the amino acids to the ribosome and mRNA complex and peptide bonds form between the amino acids, resulting in a single peptide. This process takes place in the cytoplasm or the rough endoplasmic reticulum. 

Translation

- Transcription 
- Translation
- Replication

University of California, Berkeley

The molecular structures and processes of cellular life and their roles in the function, reproduction, and development of living organisms.

- The Central Dogma of Life
- Cell Organelles

Molecular and Cellular Biology

The Central Dogma of Life

- Khan Academy References Related to Molecular Biology 

Molecular Biology references by Journal/ Source

Animal cell organelles are specialized sub-cellular structures that perform specific functions necessary for the cell's survival, growth, and homeostasis. These include membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes, as well as non-membrane-bound structures like ribosomes.

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