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The Contrast of the Dead Lamp and the Burning Candle in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 47, Poem 24)
In Chapter 47, Poem 24 of the Mokhtar Nameh, Attar utilizes the dual metaphors of the dead lamp (cheragh-e morde) and the burning candle (shama) to illustrate the cyclical and perpetual nature of mystical love-sorrow:
- The Dead Lamp (Daytime State): During the day, the lover is like an extinguished, dead lamp—lifeless, cold, and waiting in a state of spiritual desolation.
- The Burning Candle (Nighttime State): At night, the fire of love is rekindled, and the lover burns from within like a candle until dawn, embodying intense devotion, painful melting, and self-consumption.
This contrast underscores how the lover's entire existence—day and night—is completely governed by the transformative power and painful longing of divine love.
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Updated 2026-07-06
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course