Concept

The Divine Sun and the Human Shadow in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 31, Poem 42)

In Chapter 31, Poem 42 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet explores the metaphysical distance between the Creator and the creation using the metaphor of the Sun and a shadow. The poem addresses the human heart, criticizing its naive desire for a 'kindred spirit' or peer-like relationship with the Divine. By portraying God as the radiant Sun in the sky and the human being as a mere shadow on the earth, Attar emphasizes the absolute nothingness of the seeker. A shadow possesses no independent existence or substance; thus, it cannot walk beside the Sun as an equal, but can only humbly follow behind, acknowledging its own insignificance.

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Updated 2026-07-05

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course