Concept

The Foul Ego and the Fires of Lust and Greed in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 12, Poem 11)

In Poem 11 of Chapter 12 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet explores the destructive nature of the foul ego (نفس پلید, nafs-e palid) and its manifestation through worldly desires. The poem highlights a profound internal struggle where the fires of lust and greed consume the seeker's inner being. It poses a poignant rhetorical question about the possibility of achieving spiritual purity while the vile ego continuously finds new ways to inflict inner torment and spiritual burning at every moment.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course