Concept

The Futility of Knowledge Without Spiritual Vision in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 11, Poem 24)

In Chapter 11, Poem 24 of Mokhtar Nameh, Attar emphasizes that without inner spiritual insight (symbolized as the 'collyrium of vision'), the heart remains blind to divine secrets. He asserts that any worldly knowledge or superficial perception acquired is rendered entirely useless without this foundational inner illumination, highlighting the primacy of spiritual sight over mere intellectual understanding.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course