Concept

The Illusion of Living in Unawareness and the Inevitability of Certainty in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 23, Poem 77)

In Chapter 23, Poem 77 of the Mokhtar Nameh, Farid al-Din al-Attar addresses the human tendency to live in a state of spiritual negligence or unawareness (bi-khabari). He challenges the reader with rhetorical questions, asking if it is truly possible to live a meaningful life while being tossed around in ignorance. Attar emphasizes that despite sitting idly or trying to ignore reality, everyone will eventually face the absolute certainty of death and spiritual awakening. Referring to the human being as 'without head or foot' (representing helplessness or bewilderment), the poem serves as a stark reminder of the brevity of life and the futility of remaining asleep to the ultimate truth.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course