Concept

The Metaphor of Smoke and the Return to Non-Existence in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 14, Poem 6)

This concept examines the core philosophical theme of Chapter 14, Poem 6 in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh. The poem employs the metaphor of 'smoke' (دود) to characterize the material world as a transient and insubstantial illusion. It articulates the Sufi perspective that because the ultimate origin of the temporal world is non-existence (نابود), all apparent existence is inherently perishing and destined to return to nothingness. Recognizing the world as 'smoke' serves as a spiritual heuristic for the seeker to detach from worldly existence and focus on absolute reality.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course