Explanation of the Metaphor

In classical Persian poetry, the beloved's face is traditionally compared to the moon (representing radiance and beauty), while the newly sprouted down (facial hair or khat) is compared to ants due to its fine, dark, and delicate appearance.

The Poetic Paradox

Attar utilizes a common Persian idiom that 'an ant can never reach the moon' (symbolizing the impossible gap between the lowly, earthbound creature and the celestial body). He creates a paradox: the 'ant' of the down has successfully reached and encircled the 'moon' of the face. This represents the emergence of the beloved's first down, framing their beauty and capturing the lover's gaze.