Concept

The Metaphor of the Ball and Absolute Surrender in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 32, Poem 47)

In Chapter 32, Poem 47 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the pursuit of divine love is depicted through the imagery of diving into an ocean to retrieve a pearl. To achieve this, the seeker must become like a 'ball' (گو��)—without head or foot. In Sufi literature, the ball symbolizes absolute surrender, humility, and the loss of personal agency, rolling only where the polo stick of the Divine directs it. The poem further asserts that to overcome the burdens of worldly existence, the 'madness' of divine love is an absolute necessity, elevating spiritual intoxication above rational sobriety.

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Updated 2026-07-05

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course