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The Metaphor of the Candle's Pride and Beheading in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 47, Poem 84)
In Chapter 47, Poem 84 of the Mokhtar Nameh, Attar of Nishapur employs the candle's physical traits as a spiritual metaphor for the self-destructive nature of pride. The candle's 'crown of fire' symbolizes egoistic ambition or pride ('what you had in your head'). By cultivating this flame of pride, the candle invites calamity, ultimately leading to its becoming 'headless' (losing its wick/head as it melts away). Attar warns that harboring egoistic ambitions inevitably brings ruin, urging the seeker to grieve for their own spiritual state rather than indulging in vanity.
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Updated 2026-07-08
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course