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The Metaphor of the Emerald Down and Ruby Lips in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 37, Poem 12)
In Chapter 37, Poem 12 of Mokhtar Nameh, Attar utilizes rich classical imagery to describe the beloved's newly emerging facial down (khat). He employs two main metaphorical combinations:
- The Moon and the Departure of Reason: The appearance of the down on the beloved's radiant face (the moon) signals a transformation of beauty that overwhelms the lover, driving away their reason (aql).
- The Parrot, Emerald Down, Ruby, and Sugar: The emerging down is described as an emerald down (due to its green hue) and likened to a parrot (traditionally associated with green plumage and a fondness for sweetness). This green down upon the red ruby lips is metaphorically depicted as a line drawn over a sack of sugar, symbolizing the sweet, captivating, and intoxicating nature of the beloved's smile and speech.
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Updated 2026-07-06
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course