Concept

The Metaphor of the Narrow Mouth and Limits of Thought in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 38, Poem 22)

In Chapter 38, Poem 22 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet utilizes the classical Persian motif of the beloved's "narrow mouth" (دهان تنگ) to symbolize the ineffable and incomprehensible nature of the Divine. Just as the narrow mouth is infinitesimally small and seemingly imperceptible physically, the true essence of the divine Beloved completely eludes human articulation. The poem emphasizes that intellectual endeavors and human "thought" (اندیشه) can find "no way" to describe this profound mystery, thereby highlighting the epistemological limits of human reason when faced with divine perfection.

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Updated 2026-07-06

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course