Concept

The Metaphor of the Narrow Mouth and Meager Provision in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 38, Poem 29)

In Chapter 38, Poem 29 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet employs the classic Persian motif of the beloved's 'narrow mouth' (دهن تنگ) but introduces a clever play on words regarding fate and sustenance. When the speaker complains of distress caused by the mouth's narrowness, the beloved responds that this narrow mouth is the lover's 'destined portion' or daily bread (روزی). The poet then puns on the concept of 'narrowness' (تنگ), lamenting how 'meagerly provisioned' or 'tight-fistedly destined' (تنگ روزی) he is. This wordplay not only demonstrates poetic wit but also highlights the lover's spiritual deprivation and the bittersweet nature of seeking the divine essence, which grants only a minuscule, 'narrow' glimpse to the seeker.

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Updated 2026-07-06

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Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course