Concept

The Metaphor of the Rose, Nightingale, and Thorns in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 45, Poem 9)

In Chapter 45, Poem 9 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the traditional imagery of the rose (گل) and nightingale (بلبل) is adapted to emphasize the inseparable nature of beauty and suffering. The rose is depicted as being entangled with thorns (خار). In response, the nightingale repeatedly refers to the rose as a 'thorn-puller' (خارکش). This unique metaphor highlights that even the ultimate symbol of beauty is burdened by the harsh realities of the material world, portraying the lover's recognition of the pain inherently attached to worldly attachments.

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Updated 2026-07-06

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course