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The Metaphor of the Salty Pistachio and Sugar-field in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 38, Poem 25)
In this poem from Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the beloved's small mouth is metaphorically called a 'pistachio' (پسته). Attar plays on the paradox of 'sweetness' (شیرینی) and the 'sugar-field' (شکرستان) producing a 'saltiness' (شوری). In Persian literary tradition, 'shur' (شور) has a double meaning: it signifies 'salty' (denoting charm, wit, or being 'ba-namak' / 'with salt'), and it also means 'tumult' or 'commotion'. Thus, the charming, salty smile of the beloved's sweet mouth stirs up a tumult in the lover's soul.
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Updated 2026-07-06
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course