Concept

The Multiplicity of Spiritual Paths and Existential Bewilderment in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 9, Poem 17)

In Poem 17 of Chapter 9 of the Mokhtar Nameh, Farid al-Din Attar illustrates the theme of spiritual bewilderment (hayrat). The seeker desires a stable refuge or dwelling place but is overwhelmed by the infinite choices available, symbolized by a hundred paths rising from every single atom. This multiplicity leads to existential confusion, where the intellect is paralyzed and unable to choose the correct path toward the Divine.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course