Concept

The Ontological Distinction Between the Divine Names al-Rahman and al-Rahim in Jami's Haft Awrang

In Section 92 of the Haft Awrang, Jami presents an ontological exposition of the Divine Names al-Rahman (The All-Merciful) and al-Rahim (The All-Compassionate), rooted in Akbarian Sufi metaphysics. Jami distinguishes between the two names based on their linguistic usage and ontological scope:

The Name al-Rahman (Universal Mercy)

  • Ontological Scope: Represents the universal mercy (rahmah 'ammah) that is co-extensive with existence itself. This mercy is the outward projection of existence (wujud) bestowed upon all latent realities and created entities (a'yan), as alluded to in the Quranic verse, 'My mercy encompasses all things' (Qur'an 7:156).
  • Linguistic Nature: The literal term al-Rahman is exclusive and applicable only to God (khas), but its semantic reality and metaphysical effect are absolute and universal (mutlaq), enveloping the entirety of creation.

The Name al-Rahim (Particular Mercy)

  • Ontological Scope: Represents a particularized,...

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Updated 2026-07-06

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Persian Literature Prerequisite Course