Concept

The Paradox of Divine Testing in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Poem 78)

In Poem 78 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet addresses the paradox of divine testing and the lover's state of selflessness (bi-khwishtani). The speaker questions why the Beloved, who knows the lover is already beside themselves and stripped of ego, continues to test their heart and 'shed their blood.' This highlights a profound Sufi understanding: divine trials are not a result of ignorance regarding the seeker's suffering, but a deliberate, continuous process meant to entirely consume the lover's selfhood and bind them to the Beloved.

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Updated 2026-07-05

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course