Concept

The Paradox of Self-Effort and the Veil of the Ego in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 21, Poem 3)

In Chapter 21, Poem 3 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the speaker articulates the intense longing of the heart for union with the Divine, coupled with a profound paradox of the spiritual journey. The poem asserts that as long as the seeker relies on their own self-willed effort to traverse the spiritual path, new veils or obstacles continue to emerge at every step. This illustrates a central Sufi theme: the individual ego and personal agency, even when directed towards the Beloved, act as a barrier to true realization. The imagery of washing 'hands of repentance with the blood of the eyes' further signifies the painful shedding of self-righteousness, emphasizing the necessity of absolute surrender over reliance on one's own actions.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course