Concept

The Paradox of the Present-Absent Divine and Self-Effacement in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Poem 51)

In Poem 51 of the Mokhtar Nameh, Attar of Nishapur explores the profound mystical paradox of the Divine as both 'present' and 'absent' (حاضر غایب). The poem addresses the absolute uniqueness and unknowability of God, whose secret cannot be grasped by any creature in either world because there is no peer or companion to Him.

When the mystic enters the divine presence, they experience absolute self-effacement (ghaybat, or absence from self). This state of selflessness creates a secondary spiritual dilemma: once the seeker's ego is completely dissolved in the Beloved's presence, they are left wondering who remains to seek the Beloved, highlighting the ultimate dissolution of the individual subject in the face of the Omnipresent.

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Updated 2026-07-03

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course