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The Path of the Qalandar versus Asceticism in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 44, Poem 8)
In Poem 8 of Chapter 44 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the speaker contrasts conventional asceticism (zuhd) with the path of the qalandar (an antinomian mystic). The Beloved rejects superficial piety, social status, and leadership, instead demanding "bewilderment" (heyrat) and a complete upheaval of the self. This highlights the mystical theme that true devotion requires abandoning societal respectability in favor of radical spiritual transformation and absolute surrender.
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Updated 2026-07-06
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Humanities
Literature
Persian Literature Prerequisite Course