Concept

The Persistence of the Impure Ego Despite Spiritual Immersion in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 12, Poem 7)

In Poem 7 of Chapter 12 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the narrator laments the failure to cleanse the heart of the vile ego (nafs). The poem contrasts the vast, purifying potential of the spiritual ocean with the tragic reality of perishing from pain and returning to the dust impure. It highlights the profound difficulty of true spiritual purification, suggesting that mere immersion in the spiritual path is not enough if the ego remains stubbornly attached and defiled.

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Updated 2026-07-04

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course