Concept

The 'Shield' (Separ) Metaphor in Attar's Rose Quatrains

In Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the rose frequently employs martial imagery, such as a shield (سپر), to express its resistance against degradation and the inevitability of death. In Poem 23, the rose boasts of wielding a 'shield of intoxication', which the bud mocks as useless. This metaphorical shield represents the futility of worldly defenses against spiritual trials or the harsh reality of the rosewater-maker, a motif that continues to evolve in other quatrains like Poems 20 and 28 where the shield is ultimately surrendered or proven ineffective.

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Updated 2026-07-06

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course