Learn Before
The TCP Three-Way Handshake
Before reliable data transmission occurs over Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), the communicating endpoints must establish a connection via an ordered exchange known as the three-way handshake:
- SYN: The client sends a synchronize message to request initiating a connection.
- SYN-ACK: The server responds with an acknowledgment and agreement.
- ACK: The client sends a final acknowledgment, establishing the active connection.
Actual data transfer begins only after this three-way handshake completes. While this setup provides reliable, ordered data delivery by numbering and confirming packets, it makes TCP slightly slower to start than connectionless protocols like UDP, which send data immediately without a handshake.
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Prep Sessions
Demystifying Network Architecture: Protocols, Addressing, and Packet Flow @ University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
Ch.1 Network Models and Architecture - Demystifying Network Architecture: Protocols, Addressing, and Packet Flow @ University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
Data Encapsulation and Packet Flow - Demystifying Network Architecture: Protocols, Addressing, and Packet Flow @ University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
Ch.3 Transmission and Routing Protocols - Demystifying Network Architecture: Protocols, Addressing, and Packet Flow @ University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
Transport Protocols: TCP vs. UDP - Demystifying Network Architecture: Protocols, Addressing, and Packet Flow @ University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
Learn After
Match each message in the TCP three-way handshake to its role in establishing a connection.
TCP is slightly slower to start than connectionless protocols like UDP because TCP must complete the three-way handshake before actual ___ begins.
Arrange the steps of the TCP three-way handshake in chronological order from initial connection request to active connection.
Explain why TCP experiences this initial delay before sending data and list the ordered sequence of messages exchanged during connection setup.
How does TCP ensure reliable, ordered data delivery once a connection is established?
In TCP, actual data transfer can begin before the three-way handshake is completely finished.
How does TCP respond when it detects network congestion during data transmission?
Identify two applications that rely on TCP rather than UDP, and explain the mechanisms TCP uses to guarantee data accuracy and reliability for these applications.