In Sanai's Hadiqat al-Haqiqah, the tale of the Umayyad Caliph Hisham and the critical Kufan citizen highlights the virtues of royal forbearance (hilm) and patience. By allowing the citizen to voice severe grievances and accuse the administration of tyranny without facing immediate punishment, the narrative underscores that an ethical ruler must possess the tolerance to endure harsh public feedback and prioritize political patience over retaliation.