Concept

The Transformative Power of Madness and Aspiration in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Poem 31)

In this poem from Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the speaker describes a state of ecstatic madness (jonoun) induced by divine love. This madness is so profound that it bestows miraculous power, symbolized by drawing a 'river of blood' from 'fire and stone'. The second couplet highlights the Sufi concept of spiritual aspiration (hemmat). Through unwavering focus and intention, the lover claims the ability to achieve the impossible or draw forth the Beloved's essence from the most barren of elements, illustrating how intense mystical longing transcends ordinary physical limitations.

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Updated 2026-07-05

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course