In Chapter 6, Poem 44 of Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet articulates the mystical concept of the universal self and non-duality. By asserting that looking at the world reveals nothing but himself ("I did not see it as other than myself"), Attar emphasizes the dissolution of the boundary between the observer and the observed universe. This reflects the Sufi principle that the microcosm (the human) encompasses or reflects the macrocosm (the universe), meaning all worldly experiences ultimately point back to the unified reality of the self as a mirror of existence.