In recent years, three factor models of narcissism have emerged, which have further clarified its core components. This model is composed of antagonism, agentic extraversion, and narcissistic neuroticism. Individuals with NPD have high scores in all three factors.

The three factor model demonstrates both what's shared across the dimensions of narcissism and what's unique to grandiose and vulnerable narcissism. It also shows the distinct relationship between narcissism and self esteem, which has been a gray area in the past.