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Tolman's Latent Learning Experiment
In Edward Tolman's maze experiments, a group of hungry rats was allowed to explore a maze without any food reinforcement, while a comparison group was consistently rewarded. After several sessions, food was introduced in a goal box for the previously unreinforced group. These rats were then able to navigate the maze just as quickly as the continuously rewarded group, demonstrating that they had developed a cognitive map and engaged in latent learning during their initial exploration.

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Ch.6 Learning - Psychology @ OpenStax
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Introduction to Psychology @ OpenStax Course
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Cognitive Map
Latent Learning Example: The School Route
Tolman's Latent Learning Experiment
Using Landmarks to Enhance Cognitive Maps
A new employee starts work in a large, modern office building. Every floor has the same gray carpeting, identical white walls, and rows of uniform cubicles. Despite walking the route from their desk to the cafeteria multiple times, the employee frequently gets disoriented and takes wrong turns. Which of the following best explains this difficulty in navigation?
Tolman's Latent Learning Experiment