Archives located in colleges, universities, and other educational institutions; they preserve institutional history and serve the academic communities

Academic Archives

Owned by a private business. They store and maintain documents and items relating to the history of the company, helping them to maintain control over their brand image

Business (for profit) Archives

Can be owned by either local or federal governments. Store information on the history of the community they serve

Government Archives

Archives that include documents such as manuscripts, papal records, church records, oral histories, and more all relating to a church’s history

Church Archives

A collection of films and documents on film history

Film Archives

Includes historical societies and not-for-profit businesses and foundations. They are often funded by private donors

Non-profit Archives

A digital archive is a collection of digitized historical documents stored in an electronic repository. Digital records can be openly accessed online or electronic copies can be requested through the repository's document delivery service. 

Digital Archives 

A picture archive is a permanent collection of images, such as physical photographs or digital files. These collections are at times protected from commercial use unless a fee is paid.

Picture Archives

“Introduction to Archival Research: Types of Archives.” Research Guides. University of Colorado Boulder Libraries, July 3, 2021. https://libguides.colorado.edu/c.php?g=1154758&amp;p=8428086.  

A type of archive that documents the histories (local, cultural, and governmental) of indigenous communities. 

Tribal Archives

Museum archives serve to provide information about a museum’s various exhibitions as well as its history. Some materials in a museum archive may include organizational records, collection records, and other papers related to the museum’s subject of interest.

Museum Archives

- Academic
- Business (for profit)
- Government
- Tribal 
- Church
- Film
- Non-profit
- Digital
- Picture
- Museum

New York University

University of Michigan - Ann Arbor

Georgetown University

An archive is a collection of historical records about an organization and its society. These archives are managed by librarians, archivists, and other information professionals. 

Wikipedia

Bates, M. J. (2017). Information Behavior. In Encyclopedia of library and information sciences (4th edition). Taylor & Francis.

Information Behavior

Types of Archives. Society of American Archivists. https://www2.archivists.org/usingarchives/typesofarchives. 

Types of Archives Reference

Archives are not just pages and books from the past, they are the enduring memory of people who lived in times before we did and they give context to the situations the archives are about. When discussing the types of memory archives foster there are three types:
- Individual
- Group
- Collective


How Archives Foster Memory

Types of Archives

Archives and Records Management is a methodical process of identifying information that should b preserved, collected, weeded, and understood. Although the process of management is fundamentally an information science, there are philosophies that inform/structure the process. Among those Philosophies are:
- Metaphysics
- Ontology
- Epistemology
- Politics/Ideology
- Kantianism(Causality, Empiricism, Rationalism)
- Scientism
- Positivism
- Interpretivism
- and various others.

The Impact of Philosophy on Archives and Records Management.

The study and theory of building and curating archives

Archival Science

User Expertise is the idea of utilizing knowledge and practices within Archives. It helps create a professional guideline for the User/Archive practitioner. This is determined by 3 fields: Domain Knowledge, Artifactual Literacy, and what will be discussed in this node, Archival Intelligence. Archival Intelligence is the knowledge about the environment(Archives) in which the search for primary sources is being conducted. From archival intelligence, user expertise can be developed through archival theory, practices, procedures, Strategies for reducing uncertainty/ambiguity, and intellective skills.

Archival Intelligence and User Expertise

A record is an important document that helps illustrate the past and present

Records

The Library and Information Science field, particularly that of archives, extoll the virtue of the Archival Neutrality ethical mandate. The expectation is that by keeping archives and the information environment that there would be no problems. In a work environment and in public it is usually professionally frowned upon to let people know your political leanings, viewpoints, and affiliations. That should be true for most professions and work environments based on standards.

Archival Neutrality: Expectation

The person in charge of the management and maintenance of an archival collection. An archivist is typically a librarian with specialized training in archival practices and methods.

Archivist

Archives, Records, and all forms of information are fragile. Disasters happen and fire, water, humidity, as well as many other hazardous events can destroy Archives/Records if they are not properly protected. An example of trying to see what protections work for archives/records comes from an test called Operation Teapot. Operation Teapot used a Nuclear Explosion on an Archives/Records to see how well the storage equipment could withstand destruction. Archives/Records in metal containers such as lockboxes survived while the rest had varying degrees of damage or annihilation. 

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