Insulin resistance is a metabolic condition in which the body’s cells (especially in muscles, fat and liver) don’t respond well to insulin, so they can’t take in glucose from the blood efficiently. In response, the pancreas produces more insulin to try to keep blood sugar levels normal. It often has no obvious symptoms early on, and it can lead to prediabetes or type 2 diabetes if not managed. 


Insulin Resistance 

Dyslipidemia is a medical condition where a person has abnormal levels of fats in their blood. This usually means high levels of total and LDL “bad” cholesterol and low levels of HDL “good” cholesterol, raising the risk of cardiovascular diseases. 

Dyslipidemia 

- Obesity 
- Insulin Resistance 
- Type 2 Diabetes 
- Hypertension
- Dyslipidemia

Arizona State University

Metabolic disorders are conditions that disrupt normal metabolism, the process of converting food to energy. These disorders often involve problems with how the body responds to/produces insulin, can impair glucose metabolism, and increases the risk of other health complications. 

Metabolic Disorders

Anouar Khayachi, Abraham Nunes, Martin Alda, Guy A. Rouleau,
The overlooked role of metabolic disorders in bipolar disorder,
Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews,
Volume 174,
2025,
106203,
ISSN 0149-7634,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2025.106203.

The Overlooked Role of Metabolic Disorders in Bipolar Disorder Reference

Types of Metabolic Disorders

- Dietary changes
- Physical activity 
- Weight management 
- Medications (Metformin, GLP-1 receptor agonists) 
- Insulin therapy 
- Behavioral and psychological coaching

Treatments for Metabolic Disorders

More recent research has clarified the bidirectional relationship between bipolar disorder and metabolic disorder by shedding light on the unique contributions of metabolic disorders. Dysregulated insulin signaling and impaired glucose metabolism appear to be the central mechanisms, with early research showing fluctuations in brain metabolic rates across mood states. 


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