• Communication modalities

• Degree of hearing loss

• Parental hearing status

• Age of onset

• Etiology

• Educational placement

• Additional disabilities

• Socioeconomic status

• Gender

These differences affect a variety of development areas including social, emotional, and cognitive skills

Pepperdine University

Students who are deaf/hard of hearing (DHH) are a diverse, linguistic minority; therefore, educators must carefully consider a wide‐range of issues when determining how to best match assessments to the unique characteristics of DHH students, especially when the results of these assessments will have direct impact on the academic placement of and services offered to the student.


Assessments of Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing Students

Smith, C., & Allman, T. (2020). Diversity in deafness: Assessing students who are deaf or hard of hearing. Psychology in the Schools, 57(3), 362–374. https://doi-org.lib.pepperdine.edu/10.1002/pits.22310

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