Studies show that living in non-english speaking households can affect educational outcomes. ECLS data (California students studied over a long period of time) showed that speaking mostly a language other than english in the household was one of the eight most influential factors in a students academic success. Students were found to catch-up in later grades. Being in a household that does not speak english regularly while trying to receive a remote education using english may put students from such households at an increasing disadvantage during COVID.

• Variable code: STDNT_NTV_ENG_SPKR_IN D