In bacterial vaginosis infections, *Gardnerella vaginalis* forms a biofilm on the vaginal epithelial cells. It also makes a cytotoxin that can lyse the vaginal cells and red blood cells.

University of Wisconsin - Madison

*Gardnerella vaginalis* is a pleomorphic bacteria that has a variable form from gram-negative to gram-variable. *G. vaginalis* is normal vaginal microbiota, but when *Lactobacillus* species decreases due to a change in higher pH levels, *G. vaginalis* becomes more prevalent and causes bacterial vaginosis. 

*Gardnerella vaginalis*

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Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology’s art program enhances students’ understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs.

Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology.

OpenStax Microbiology Textbook

Bacterial vaginosis is usually diagnosed by thin white-to-yellow vaginal discharge. Burning, fishy odor, and itching is also associated with this infection. 

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