Concept

Wordplay on Khata (Cathay/Mistake) and the Eyebrow Bow in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh (Chapter 36, Poem 17)

In Poem 17 of Chapter 36 in Attar's Mokhtar Nameh, the poet engages in a dialogue with the beloved, employing sophisticated wordplay (īhām). In the first couplet, the word khaṭā has a double meaning: it signifies 'a mistake' and also refers to 'Khatā' (Cathay), a region historically famous for its musk. This puns on the beloved's 'musky down' (khaṭ-e mushkīn). In the second couplet, the focus shifts to the metaphor of the eyebrow as a bow (kamān-e abrū). When the lover remarks on the string (zih) of this bow, the beloved replies that such a bow 'cannot be strung straight,' a clever play on the naturally curved shape of an eyebrow and the beloved's uncompromising or captivating nature.

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Updated 2026-07-06

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course