Exceptions to confidentiality

A psychologist is treating a client for anxiety. During a social gathering, the psychologist's spouse asks, 'You mentioned you had a tough session today. Was it with that client who is afraid of public speaking?' What is the psychologist's most appropriate action to maintain the professional standard of protecting client information?

In psychological research, what does confidentiality primarily involve?

A researcher who promises confidentiality to study participants may still collect personally identifying information, provided that information is kept secure and is not disclosed to others without the participant's consent.