Concept

Allegory of Master-Slave Reversal in Mahmud's Offer to Free Ayaz

In Section 9 of Attar's Mosibat Nameh, Sultan Mahmud's offer to free Ayaz serves as an allegory for the spiritual reversal of the master-slave dynamic. Although Mahmud holds worldly power and offers to release Ayaz from physical bondage, Ayaz points out that the King is himself captive to the ringlets of his beloved's hair. This imagery illustrates the Sufi paradox of love (Ishq), where the absolute ruler (symbolizing the ego or worldly power) becomes completely subjugated by the beauty of the beloved, showing that spiritual captivity to divine beauty transcends worldly freedom.

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Updated 2026-07-03

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Humanities

Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course