Alternative technologies and platforms have been utilized to help researchers navigate and validate literature during the COVID-19 pandemic. Examples include:

1. Science Rapid PREreview (outbreaksci.prereview.org)
2. Pubpeer journal club (pubpeer.com)
3. 27 active Twitter-Based Journal Clubs
4. Retraction Watch (retractionwatch.com), which tracks retracted papers. For instance, 30 papers about COVID-19 were retracted after being cited 1,410 times, at an estimated cost of US$425,000 per article.