Concept

Anvari's Renunciation of Panegyric, Satire, and Love Poetry in a Qeta of Moral Admonition

In Jami's biographical notice on Anvari in the seventh garden of the Baharestan, Jami quotes a qeta (fragment) that he singles out as an admonition to poets (naṣihat-e shoʿara). Responding to a young admirer who asks whether he still composes ghazal, Anvari declares that he has withdrawn his hand from both praise-poetry (madh) and satire (hija), and that the earlier state in which he wrote love lyrics was itself a kind of straying (gomrahi) that will not return. He explains that he had produced all three genres — ghazal, madh, and hija — only because they sprang from the base faculties of greed (hirs), anger (ghazab), and lust (shahwat). The passage models a Sufi-inflected critique of court verse: the mature poet repents of poetry born of worldly appetite and reframes his own renown as a moral failing rather than an achievement.

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Updated 2026-07-20

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Literature

Persian Literature Prerequisite Course