The study compared trainings between wheelchair group and simulator group for at least four times a week with 12 weeks in total. The result found that the simulator group can be a better choice that provide children and adults practice opportunities to achieve proficiency of wheelchair use, while in borrowed wheelchair group only normal scenes of using are trained. Participants can have the opportunity to practice skills like crossing street, avoiding potholes and driving under weather conditions without worrying about the safety problems when using a simulation machine.

Wheelchair Training Comparison

- Basic Skills: Pressure Relief; Rolling; Stopping; Turning; Transfers
- Intermediate Skills: Fold&Unfold Wheelchairs, Going through Doorways, Obstacles, Hills and Ramps, Curbs
- Advanced Skills: Transfers, Picking Up Objects, Stairs, Wheelie, Wheelie Dependant Skills

Wheelchair Skills Assessment and Training

Dynamic seating : A movement that occurs within the seating system and/or
wheelchair frame in response to intentional or unintentional
force generated by the client. Dynamic components are designed
to absorb force and return energy to assist the client back to
a starting position.

Dynamic Seating

- wheelchairs, 
- walkers, 
- canes, 
- crutches, 
- scooters

Pepperdine University

- Vision
- Hearing
- Speech communication
- Learning, cognition, and developmental
- Mobility, seating, and positioning
- Daily Living
- Environmental Adaptations
- Vehicle modification and transportation
- Computers and related peripherals
- Recreation, sports, and leisure 
- Augmented Reality
- AI as Assistive Technology
- Assistive technology for students with disabilities

Categories of Assistive Technology

Minnesota. (2019, August 16). Types of Assistive Technology. Guide to Assistive Technology. https://mn.gov/admin/at/getting-started/understanding-at/types/. 

Types of Assistive Technology

- smart glasses
- magnifiers
- braille displays
- screen reading software
- text-to-speech systems 
- large print materials
- tactile technology
- smartcane

Assistive Technology for Vision

- personal amplification systems, 
- wireless TV listening systems, 
- vibrating alarm clocks, 
- doorbell with flashing light alert, 
- portable closed captioning system, 
- face-to-face dual keyboard communication system, 
- amplified telephones, 
- phone with captioning,

Assistive Technology for Hearing

- voice amplification systems, 
- stuttering aids, 
- artificial larynx, 
- communication boards, 
- speech output software, 
- symbol-making software,
- speech generating devices

Assistive Technology for Speech Communication

- memory aids
- text-to-speech systems to support learning (not related to vision needs)
- reminder systems
- notetaking systems
- audio books

Assistive Technology for Learning, cognition, and development

Assistive Technology for Mobility, Seating, and Positioning

- dressing aids such as zipper pulls and button hooks, 
long handle shoe horn, 
- Reacher, 
- adapted kitchen tools and eating utensils, 
- walker carrying bag, 
- wheelchair cup holder, 
- book stand, 
- automatic soap dispenser, 
- vacuum robot, 

Assistive Technology for Daily Living

- door openers, 
- lifts, 
- ramps, 
- systems designed to remotely control appliances and/or electronics

Assistive Technology: Environmental Adaptations

- Vehicle hand controls, 
- devices for  securing a wheelchair to the floor of a vehicle, 
- ramps, 
- lifts, 
- raised roofs
- adaptive seat belts. 

Assistive Technology for Transportation

- screen magnification software 
- alternative keyboards and input devices, 
- voice recognition.

Assistive Technology for Computer Use

- playing card shuffler
- adapted sporting equipment

Assistive Technology for Recreation, Sports, and Leisure 

A recent study found that emotional recognition training with pictures and contextual information significantly improved the ability to identify emotions for people with moderate learning disabilities. However, the ability to identify emotions depend on factors such as age and intellectual ability, as well as with the demands of the task, recognition or labelling. In the experiment founded, participants were presented with coloured photographs depicting different emotions and facial features were pointed out to recall them or recreate them. Video clips of emotions were also shown to evoke feelings for the participants. As a result, people with learning disabilities performed better in identify emotions for assessment tasks for photos displayed with context versus without context. 

Accessibility for Emotional Learning in Learning Disabilities 


Assistive technology utilizing AR experience to bridge the digital and physical worlds, with the capacity to address multiple types of disability. 

Augmented Reality

- Disability Bias in AI Assistive Technology
- Disability Bias in NLP Models

AI as Assistive Technology

Exploring the impacts of Assistive Technology on students at school from primary, secondary, and university.

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