This may relate to attack self and attack other shame coping strategies. Symptoms of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) include anger/irritation, argumentativeness/defiance, and vindictiveness. Symptoms of Conduct Disorder (CD) include aggressive behavior, dishonesty or theft, destruction of property, and serious violation of rules.

Oppositional Defiant and Conduct Disorders

This means tolerating the shameful situation, but experiencing internal anger. People who do this see the shame as negative and valid. This strategy has a positive association with internalizing symptoms, including anxiety, depression, and stress.


New Mexico Highlands University

This includes attack self and withdrawal. These strategies are often used by those with internalizing disorders. 

Internalizing Shame Coping Strategies

This means to have aggressive thoughts towards others, and can be passive-aggressive, like dreaming of revenge.

Hostility

Paulo, M., Vagos, P., Ribeiro Da Silva, D., & Rijo, D. (2020). The role of shame and shame coping strategies on internalizing/externalizing symptoms: Differences across gender in adolescents. European Journal of Developmental Psychology, 17(4), 578–597. https://doi-org.proxy.wichita.edu/10.1080/17405629.2019.1682991

The role of shame and shame coping strategies on internalizing/externalizing symptoms: Differences across gender in adolescents

This includes depression, anxiety, and self-harm, and tends to be found more in females. 

Internalizing and Self-Destructive Behaviors from Shame

Attack Self as a Shame Coping Strategy

This means avoiding the shameful situation. People who use this strategy see the shame as negative and valid. This strategy had a positive association with hostility and internalizing symptoms of depression and stress. The withdrawal shame-coping strategy had a negative association with externalizing symptoms like verbal aggression. 


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